Sameynta liistada ciyaartoyda kubada cagta chess waa shaqo adag. Heerka ciyaaraha kubada cagta haweenka ayaa si weyn loo sara kiciyay tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafey, iyadoo dhowr haween ah ay haatan ku tartamayaan ciyaartoyda ugu sareysa adduunka. Iyadoo taas maskaxda ku haysa, bal aynu eegno liiskayaga dumarka ugu fiican ee aan abid ugu ciyaarno ciyaaraha boqortooyada!
01 of 05
Judit Polgar
Wiki Commons Inkastoo Judge Polgar aysan waligeed ku guuleysanin tartanka kubadda cagta adduunka ee World Chess, shaki kuma jiro in ay tahay haweeneyda ugu awooda badan ee abid ugu ciyaara chess. Dhaqdhaqaaqa kubada cagta, Polgar wuxuu ka mid ahaa ciyaartoyda ugu fiican adduunka-lab ama dheddig-jebin 10kii liis ee liiska qiimeynta dhowr jeer. Joogitaan la'aanta Koobka Adduunka ee haweenka ayaa sabab u ah xaqiiqda ah inaysan marnaba isku deyin inay ku guuleysato horyaalka, halkii ay diiradda saari lahaayeen tartanka Koobka Adduunka . Polgar ayaa ku guuleystay doorashadan 2005-tii, markii ay ku ciyaareysay tartanka tartanka tartanka kubadda cagta ee FIDE World Cup 2005, dhamaadkii 8aad.
02 of 05
Maya Chiburdanidze
Wiki Commons Maia Chiburdanidze waxay ku guuleysatay horyaalkii ugu horeeyay ee USSR markii ay da'deedu ahayd 15 jir, iyo sanad kadib, waxay ku guuleysatay 1976 USSR Women Championship. Waxay caddaatay in ay ahayd mid ka mid ah ciyaartoydii ugu fiicnayd dumarka aduunka markii ay ku guuleysatay markii ugu horeysay ee shahaadada World Chess ee 1978-kii markii ay ka adkaatay kooxda difaacaneysa ee Nona Gaprindashvili. Chiburdanidze ayaa difaacan doonta afar jeer, iyagoo ku sii adkeyneysa horyaalka adduunka tan iyo sanadkii 1991-kii. Tan iyo markaas, iyadu waxay si firfircoon uga soo baxday ugudbinta haweenka aduunka ee Haweenka Adduunka, iyagoo ciyaaraya semi-finalka xilli dambe ee 2004.
03 of 05
Susan Polgar
Wiki Commons Waxaa laga yaabaa in xiddiga ugu caansan caalamka, Susan Polgar - ay la socdaan gabadheeda Judith iyo Sofia-waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay tahay shakhsi hore oo shakhsi ah. Waxyaabaheeda waxaa ka mid ah noqoshada haweeneydii ugu horreysay ee ku guulaysata horyaalkii weynaa ee tartanka ciyaaraha tartanka, halkii ay ku guuleysan lahaayeen tartanka kubadda cagta adduunka ee Chess. Intaa waxa dheer, waxay ahayd haweeneydii ugu horreysey ee uqalantahey ka qeyb qaadashada wareegga Koobka Aduunka, sidaana ku sameysay 1986-inkastoo aan loo oggoleyn inay ku tartanto, iyada oo loo eegayo jinsigeeda. Susan Polgar waxay ka duwan tahay gabadha yar yar, Susan Polgar waxay dooratay inay ku tartamto tartanka dumarka, waxayna ku guuleysatay horyaalkeedii ugu horeeyay ee 1996-kii. Waxay tagi doontaa inay ku guuleysato afar ciyaarood oo ka mid ah ciyaaraha aduunka.
04 of 05
Xie Jun
Gerhard Hund / GNU Free Documentation License / Wikimedia Commons Makhaayadda casriga casriga ah, Shiinuhu waa ciyaaryahan weyn, gaar ahaan ciyaaraha haweenka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xiddigii ugu horeeyay ee Chess Chess oo ah xiddigii ugu fiicnaa China wuxuu ahaa Xie Jun, oo ku guuleystay Koobka Adduunka ee Chess Championship ee sannadkii 1991 isagoo ku guuleystay Maya Chiburdanidze. Waxay sii wadi laheyd inay sii wado horyaalkeedii illaa 1996 markii ay ka adkaatay Susan Polgar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Xie ayaa ku guuleysan laheyd horyaalkeedii 1999kii, waxaana ku guuleystay Alisa Galliamova ciyaartii kama dambaysta ahaa ee tartanka, ka dibna ay ku guuleysatay horyaalkii markii Polgar aysan aqbalin shuruudaha horyaalka. Waxay qabatay horyaalka tan iyo 2001.
05 05
Vera Menchik
Hulton Archive / Stringer / Getty Images Tartanka ugu horeeya ee jimicsiga haweenka aduunka, Vera Menchik ayaa sidoo kale ahayd tii ugu horeysay ee dhabta ah ee fanaaniinta haweenka. Ka dib markii ay ku guuleysteen Koobkii Aduunka ee 1927-kii, waxay ku guuleysatey inay ku guuleysato koobkan lix jeer oo ay ku guuleysatay horyaal kasta illaa ay geeriyootay 1944-kii. Menchik wuxuu dhaliyay goolal +78-1 = 4 ciyaaraheeda, taas oo muujinaysa sida ay uga fog tahay tartanka ayay ahayd.
Menchik sidoo kale wuxuu si cad u ahaa ciyaaryahan ka mid ah fasalka ugu sareeya. Sanadii 1929-kii, waxay ku dhameysatay kaalinta labaad ee Ramsgate-dhameystirtay Akiba Rubinstein, kaliya hal dhibic ka dambeysa Jose Raul Capablanca. Inkastoo aysan jirin nidaam qiimeyn rasmi ah oo goobta ah, Chessmetrics ayaa ku qiimeeyay iyada oo ka sareysa ilaa 52 nd dunida intii lagu jiray xirfadeeda.